Goal: To understand how to shift the focus of a sentence and when to use each style.

🏃 1. Active Voice (The “Direct” Approach)

In the active voice, the Subject comes first and “does” the verb. It is clear, strong, and direct.

• Formula: [Subject] + [Verb] + [Object]
• Example:Naveen wrote the letter.
  • Subject: Naveen (The Doer)
  • Verb: wrote
  • Object: the letter (The Receiver)

🛡️ 2. Passive Voice (The “Receiver” Approach)

In the passive voice, the Object moves to the front. The “doer” is either at the end (after “by”) or completely hidden.

• Formula: [Object] + [be verb] + [Past Participle] + [by Subject]
• Example:The letter was written by Naveen.
  • New Subject: The letter (It is being acted upon)
  • Verb: was written
  • Agent: by Naveen

🔄 How to Change Active to Passive

Teach your students this 3-Step Flip:

1. Move the Object to the beginning.
2. Add the correct form of the verb “to be” (am, is, are, was, were) + the 3rd form of the verb.
3. Put the Subject at the end after the word “by”.

🤔 When to use Passive Voice?

Sometimes, the “doer” isn’t important, or we don’t know who they are.

• ✅ “The bank was robbed.” (We don’t know who did it).
• ✅ “The experiment was finished.” (The focus is on the experiment, not the scientist).

📝 Practice Zone

Exercise A: Active or Passive?

Identify the voice of these sentences:

1. The window was broken by a stone. (Answer: Passive)
2. The cat chased the mouse. (Answer: Active)
3. The report will be submitted tomorrow. (Answer: Passive)

Exercise B: The Great Flip

Change this Active sentence into Passive:

“The students completed the assignment.”

Answer: “The assignment was completed by the students.”